Antarctica, a vast frozen expanse, holds some of Earth's most extraordinary secrets, many of which remain hidden beneath layers of ice and snow. If you are curious to know more, here are some of the most fascinating discoveries made in this remote, ice-covered continent.
Steam-warmed caves beneath Mount Erebus
Did you know that there is a secret system of caverns beneath Mount Erebus, the most active volcano in Antarctica, that are unexpectedly warm—77°F? It’s reported that unknown life forms that have evolved in isolation, without sunshine, can be found in these caves, which were found in 2017. Here, DNA from unidentified species was discovered, providing insight into how life may adapt to harsh conditions. Tourists can learn more about these underground wonders by visiting the neighbouring McMurdo Station, even though they are not allowed inside the caverns.
The world’s largest fish nursery
In the Weddell Sea, scientists discovered the world’s largest icefish nursery, sprawling over 93 square miles. This vast breeding ground contains 60 million nests, each guarded by a single fish. The icefish are unique in that they breed under the thick Antarctic ice, where the conditions are harsh, but the life forms thrive in this incredible ecosystem. While this area isn’t open to the public, visitors on Antarctic cruises often pass through the Weddell Sea, where seals are abundant.
Lake Snow Eagle: A prehistoric lake
Buried under the East Antarctic Ice Sheet, Lake Snow Eagle spans 143 square miles, making it one of the largest subglacial lakes on Earth. This frozen lake has been untouched for over 34 million years and remains a unique, ancient environment. Although the lake itself is not directly accessible to tourists, scenic flights offer views of the region, allowing travelers to glimpse this hidden underwater world. Read More
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